Monday, September 30, 2013

Psy/360 - Attention Worksheet



Attention Worksheet 


Using the text, Cognition: The Thinking Animal, the University Library, the Internet, and/or other resources, answer the following questions.  Your response to each question should be at least 150 words in length.


1.     How do you define the concept of attention?

According to the dictionary, attention means taking notice of something, or regarding someone or something as interesting or important. However, attention as concept studied by cognitive psychology represents the way individuals process the information they receive from the environment. Attention is a cognitive process of concentrating on a specific part of the environment while ignoring others. It can also be defined as the allocation of processing resources (Anderson, 2004). Psychologist and philosopher William James has a very interesting explanation on this concept, as he tells that to actively pay attention to something, one must withdraw from everything else (Cherry, 2013). I don’t necessarily agree universally with that, as it is possible for some people to pay attention to many things ate a time, but that is not a talent that everybody has.  I, for example, have a very difficult time paying attention to more than one thing at a time, so his explanation really adapts to my own experiences.





2.     Can attention be consciously allocated to tasks?  Why or why not?

Attention can most definitely be allocated to different tasks, as it can be both a voluntary and an involuntary process. Although it may be difficult sometimes, most individuals have the power to choose what they want to pay attention to. Either a movie, a book, homework or a work project, most of us have to make a conscious decision to pay attention to a specific project sometimes. A lot of times that is a very difficult task for some people. Having to force yourself to pay attention to a book you must read in order to complete homework while your favorite movie is on is almost impossible. Because of that, it is important sometimes for individuals to distance themselves from any forms of distraction when it is imperative they concentrate all their attention to one task. Some people are capable of paying attention to multiple tasks at once, but for some that is not possible.





3.     What is the relationship between attention and cognition?

As it was explained previously, attention is a cognitive process, and for that reason alone it is safe to say that attention and cognition are interrelated. But in fact, their connection goes deeper than that, as both concepts have a significant influence on each other. It is well known that attention is the ability to focus on specific information, and cognition refers to the thought processes that allow learning to happen. Attention is also the ability of shutting down competing sources of information and focusing on a desired one. Attention problems can deeply affect one’s ability to learn, since it is necessary for an individual to be able to pay attention to something in order for that material to be absorbed by the brain, and consequently, stored and learned. An individual with a short attention span in unable to focus on something for longer periods of time, which is usually crucial in the learning process.





References:

Anderson, John R. (2004). Cognitive psychology and its implications (6th ed.). Worth Publishers. p. 519. ISBN 978-0-7167-0110-1.



Cherry, K. (2013) What is attention? Retrieved from psychology.about.com/od/cognitivepsychology/f/attention.htm

No comments:

Post a Comment